Serbia previously participated in the Eurovision Song Contest as part of Yugoslavia from 1961-1992 and then entered the contest as Serbia and Montenegro between 2004 and 2006. When Serbia won the 2007 Eurovision Song Contest it became only the second country to win the competition with a debut entry since Switzerland's victory at the very first Eurovision Song Contest in 1956.

Serbia has enjoyed success in the contest over the past ten years although it has only failed to qualify three times, missing out on a spot in the Grand Final by a small margin on each occasion. With Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, FYR Macedonia and Montenegro yet to score a Eurovision victory, Serbia remains the most successful country from the former Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest.